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Crime reporting and its criminological significance
Jambor, Petr ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Tejnská, Katarína (referee)
Crime reporting and its criminological significance Abstract The diploma thesis is divided into ten chapters, the first chapter deals with the reporting actions of natural persons, legal persons, public authorities and the related reporting obligation, the reporting authorization. The second chapter considers the importance of reporting criminal activity for the initiation of criminal proceedings, the basic principles that have an impact on the procedure of the prosecuting authorities after receiving a criminal notification and a criminally relevant complaint. The third chapter deals with the obligation to receive criminally relevant complaints and notifications, the actions of law enforcement authorities following the receipt of a complaint and the initiation of criminal proceedings. The fourth chapter provides the description of the most important legal institutes through which law enforcement authorities learn about facts reasonably indicating that a crime has been committed. The subchapters also include anonymous submissions, abuse of criminal reporting, private and subsidiary action - an institute appearing in some continental criminal Codes and discussed for reintroduction in the older substantive intention of the draft of the new Criminal Procedure Code. In relation to the reporting of criminal...
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Crime Reporting and its Significance in Criminology
Urxová, Dominika ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
Crime Reporting and its Criminological Significance Abstract The subject of this thesis is the interdisciplinary issue of crime reporting and related latent criminality, especially from the criminological, victimological and criminal-positive perspective. The diploma thesis is divided into four parts that as a whole are intended to answer the question whether the Czech legislation is sufficiently effective in contributing to the achievement of low figures of latent criminality. The first part is devoted to the definition of the key concepts of this thesis and the question of what are the most common factors determining the decision of certain persons to report a crime to law enforcement authorities. The answers to this question are then provided mainly by the examination of the fields of criminology and victimology. In the second part I examine in detail the criminal law regulation of the institution of crime reporting. This part contains chapters on the procedure prior to the initiation of a criminal prosecution, the filing of a criminal complaint itself and its significance, and the actions of law enforcement authorities related to the filing of a criminal complaint. In this part I also deal with the issue of the general and special obligation to report, the institutes of the Criminal Procedure Code...
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Latent criminality
Mikysková, Aneta ; Kopečný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Galovcová, Ingrid (referee)
1 Latent criminality Abstract This submitted diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon of latent criminality. Latent criminality is the part of criminality that is for some reason not registered by the law enforcement authorities. The thesis itself consists of four consecutive chapters. The first chapter deals with the concept of crime. It discusses the different approaches to concept of crime in criminology and the indicators that are used to describe it. Furthermore, this chapter is dedicated to the division of crime into latent and registered crime and the sources of information about registered crime. In particular, it focuses on official crime statistics. In the second chapter, the issue of latent crime is discussed in more detail. It defines the concept of latency, in which cases it is considered being latent criminality and what its types are. Furthermore, the ratio of latent and registered crime, the rate and extent of latency are described. At the end the possible causes of its existence are presented, one of the main reasons being the failure to report the crime by its victims. The third chapter focuses on possible methods of detecting latent crime, where more space is subsequently devoted to the two most important methods, namely victimization surveys and self- report studies. For both of these...
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Latent Criminality
Tajovská, Martina ; Kopečný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Galovcová, Ingrid (referee)
The thesis deals with latent criminality as a dynamic criminality phenomenon. The first chapter is dedicated to the scientific discipline of criminology, which examines criminality as a whole, criminality itself and terms which define criminality, such as scope, level, structure and dynamic. The second chapter deals directly with latent criminality. It lists all that is included in latent criminality and its relation to registered criminality. The chapter describes the possible causes and brings closer all the methods for examining it. The most common of those are victimization method and self-reporting investigation. One of the main causes of crime latency is the victim's failure to report. The third chapter is therefore dedicated to crime victims. It lists the differences between a victim and an injured party and describes the relation between victim and perpetrator. This chapter also ties to the victim's consent with prosecution, which can be influenced by the aforementioned relation to the perpetrator. In the fourth chapter, criminality is divided into individual types. Apart from definitions of the different criminality types, such as property offences, violent, moral and economic criminality, the thesis here details the statistical indicators of these criminality types (number of crimes...
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Crime Reporting and its Significance in Criminology
Zachrlová, Kamila ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis deals with the reporting of criminal offenses both in terms of individual and procedural criminal law, and from the point of view of the importance of this issue in criminology. The thesis is divided into ten chapters. The first chapter describes the role of reporting criminal offenses in criminal proceedings. In particular, it deals with the status of the procedure for initiating criminal prosecution in criminal proceedings. It then deals with the very aspects of the procedure for filing a crime report, in particular with crime reporting, its formalities, options in filing a criminal complaint, and procedures following the filing of a criminal complaint, while it points out the issue of imposing the act of closed file. Chapter two highlights the rights of the complainant, the injured and the victim in connection with the reported crime. This chapter addresses issues with informing the injured person or victim at the point of crime reporting. Furthermore, this chapter deals with the right of the complainant to an effective investigation. Chapter three deals with the benefits of crime reporting by its perpetrator as encompassed in the Criminal Code. Chapter four addresses the issue of misuse of the criminal reporting system, especially the possible ways of system abuse and the responsibility for...
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Exploitation of Sociological Research Methods and Techniques in Criminological Research Focusing on Unreported Criminality.
Zahradníčková, Kristýna ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Paulíček, Miroslav (referee)
The title and main topic of this work is Exploitation of Sociological Research Methods and Techniques in Criminological Research Focusing on Unreported Criminality. Criminality threatens society and is one of the most difficult social phenomenons. Every year 50 % of reported crimes are solved. However criminologists think that the real criminality is much higher. Crime that is not registered is called unreported crime and lack of its knowledge causes many problems. Finding ways to analyze and understand the unreported crime is becoming a necessity. Data about unreported crime is currently mostly obtained from self- reports and victimological studies. Analysis of documents, opinion polls and experiments are also rarely used. In this work, I suggest usage of different sociological methods and techniques to improve research of unreported crime. Some of these are observation, ethnographic research and case studies with topographic method. I also suggest a model of consecutive crime. This model expects that committing a specific crime leads to committing other crimes as well. This model would improve knowledge of unreported crime.
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